Dawn Moniqan

Natively known as: Mʌnikæn /ˈmʌnikæn/

  ...and he stood holding his hat and turned his wet face to the wind... au no tre caibo arda papimop au hos u tre pabo momu ua Pronunciation: /au no tre ʧaiˈbo arˈda paˈpimop au hos u tre paˈbo moˈmu uˈa/ Moniqan word order: and he his hat holding stood and the wind to his wet face turned  

Spelling & Phonology

  Consonant inventory: /b d f h j k l m n p r s t w ŋ ɡ ɲ ʤ ʧ/  
↓Manner/Place→BilabialLabiodentalAlveolarPalato-alveolarPalatalVelarGlottal
Nasalmnɲŋ
Stopp bt dk ɡ
Affricateʧ ʤ
Fricativefsh
Approximantj
Trillr
Lateral approximantl
    Co-articulated phonemes  
↓Manner/Place→Labial-velar
Approximantw
    Vowel inventory: /a ai au e i o u/   Diphthongs: ai, au  
FrontBack
Highiu
High-mideo
Lowa
    Syllable structure: Custom defined Stress pattern: Second — stress is on the second syllable Word initial consonants: b, d, fr, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, pl, pr, r, s, sh, st, t, tr, w, ɡ, ɡr, ɲ, ʤ, ʧ Mid-word consonants: b, bʤ, d, f, h, hk, j, k, kh, kk, ks, kt, kɲ, l, lk, m, mb, ml, mp, n, nd, nk, ns, nt, ntr, nɲ, nʤ, nʧ, p, pk, pt, r, rb, rd, rh, rk, rl, rm, rn, rp, rs, rt, rɡ, rʤ, rʧ, s, sk, st, str, t, tk, w, ŋ, ŋh, ŋk, ŋl, ŋs, ŋɡ, ɡ, ɲ, ʤ, ʧ Word final consonants: b, h, k, l, ll, m, n, nd, nt, p, r, rd, s, t, w, ŋ   Phonological changes (in order of application):  
  • e → i / _{nk,ŋ}
  Spelling rules:  
PronunciationSpelling
jy
ŋng
ɡg
ɲny
ʤj
ʧc
   

Grammar

  Main word order: Subject-Oblique-Object-Verb. "Mary opened the door with a key" turns into Mary with a key the door opened. Adjective order: Adjectives are positioned before the noun. Adposition: postpositions  

Nouns

  Nouns have four cases:
  • Nominative is the doer of a verb: dog bites man.
  • Accusative is the done-to of a verb: man bites dog.
  • Genitive is the possessor of something: dog’s tail hits man.
  • Dative is the recipeint of something: man gives ball to dog.
NominativeNo affix tuyu /tuˈju/ doɡ (doinɡ the verb)
AccusativeSuffix -a tuyua /tuˈjua/ (verb done to) doɡ
GenitiveIf ends with vowel: Suffix -l Else: Suffix -ul tuyul /tuˈjul/ doɡʼs
DativePrefix no- notuyu /noˈtuju/ to (the/a) doɡ
   
SingularNo affix tuyu /tuˈju/ doɡ
PluralIf ends with vowel: Suffix -p Else: Suffix -up tuyup /tuˈjup/ doɡs
   

Articles

  Moniqan has no definite article ‘the’, or indefinite article ‘a’.  

Pronouns

 
NominativeAccusativeGenitiveDative
1st singularsta /sta/ Io /o/ meau /au/ minemi /mi/ to me
2nd singularpa /pa/ you (masc)ong /oŋ/ younu /nu/ yoursmul /mul/ to you
3rd singular mascno /no/ he, itmer /mer/ him, ittre /tre/ his, itsmo /mo/ to him, at it
3rd singular femma /ma/ she, itni /ni/ her, itjo /ʤo/ hers, itsus /us/ to her, at it
1st plural inclusiveci /ʧi/ we (including you)meb /meb/ us (including you)wa /wa/ ours (including you)na /na/ to us (including you)
1st plural exclusivemab /mab/ we (excluding you)al /al/ us (excluding you)i /i/ ours (excluding you)ne /ne/ to us (excluding you)
2nd plurala /a/ you allme /me/ you allah /ah/ yours (pl)nau /nau/ to you all
3rd pluralbu /bu/ theymau /mau/ themnye /ɲe/ theirstup /tup/ to them
   

Possessive determiners

 
1st singularau /au/ my
2nd singularnu /nu/ your
3rd singular masctre /tre/ his
3rd singular femjo /ʤo/ her
1st plural inclusivewa /wa/ our (including you)
1st plural exclusivei /i/ our (excluding you)
2nd pluralah /ah/ your (pl)
3rd pluralnye /ɲe/ their
   

Verbs

 
PresentNo affix aiba /aiˈba/ learn
PastIf ends with vowel: Suffix -p Else: Suffix -ap aibap /aiˈbap/ learned
Remote pastPrefix i- iaiba /iˈaiba/ learned (lonɡ aɡo)
    Moniqan uses a standalone particle word for future tense:
FutureParticle before the verb: mo - mo aiba /mo aiˈba/ will learn
   

Perfect aspect

  The perfect aspect in English is exemplified in ‘I have read this book’, which expresses an event that took place before the time spoken but which has an effect on or is in some way still relevant to the present.   Moniqan uses an affix for the perfect aspect:
PerfectPrefix a- aaiba /aˈaiba/ have learned
   

Numbers

  Moniqan has a base-10 number system:   1 - aik 2 - nau 3 - mi 4 - pap 5 - mu 6 - koh 7 - shaiyont 8 - mib 9 - wa 10 - gul 11 - gul au aik “ten and one” 100 - aik sada “one hundred” 101 - aik sada au aik “one hundred and one” 200 - nau sada 1000 - aik ab “one thousand”  

Derivational morphology

  Adjective → adverb = Prefix a- Adjective → noun (the quality of being [adj]) = Prefix jau- Adjective → verb (to make something [adj]) = Prefix ai- Noun → adjective (having the quality of [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix j- Else: Prefix ji- Noun → adjective relating to noun (e.g. economy → economic) = If starts with vowel: Prefix m- Else: Prefix mo- Noun → verb (to create [noun]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix j- Else: Prefix je- Verb → adjective (result of doing [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix n- Else: Prefix ne- Verb → adjective (likely to do [verb]) = If starts with vowel: Prefix p- Else: Prefix pa- Verb → noun (the act of [verb]) = Prefix u- Verb → noun that verb physically produces (e.g. build → building) = If starts with vowel: Prefix d- Else: Prefix dau- One who [verb]s (e.g. paint → painter) = Prefix u- Place of (e.g. wine → winery) = If starts with vowel: Prefix n- Else: Prefix ne- Diminutive = Prefix a- Augmentative = Prefix i-

Dictionary

4414 Words.
Successor Languages


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